The principle behind this ratio is the fact that both urea (BUN) and creatinine are freely filtered by the glomerulus however, urea reabsorbed by the renal tubules can be regulated (increased or decreased) whereas creatinine reabsorption remains the same (minimal reabsorption). In the United States, both quantities are given in mg/dL The ratio may be used to determine the cause of acute kidney injury or dehydration. BUN only reflects the nitrogen content of urea (MW 28) and urea measurement reflects the whole of the molecule (MW 60), urea is just over twice BUN (60/28 = 2.14). In medicine, the urea-to-creatinine ratio ( UCR ), known in the United States as BUN-to-creatinine ratio, is the ratio of the blood levels of urea ( BUN) (mmol/L) and creatinine (Cr) (μmol/L). Serum creatinine in pregnancy: A systematic review.Medical laboratory value urea-to-creatinine ratio Impact of very low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole on serum creatinine after renal transplantation: A retrospective study. The two sides of creatinine: Both as bad as each other? Maternal kidney function during pregnancy: Systematic review and meta-analysis. The effects of high-protein diets on kidney health and longevity. Kidney testing: Everything you need to know.Nutritional laboratory markers in malnutrition. Postrenal acute kidney injury in a patient with unilateral ureteral obstruction caused by urolithiasis. Lower serum creatinine is associated with low bone mineral density in subjects without overt nephropathy. Chronic kidney disease tests & diagnosis.Impact of acute versus prolonged exercise and dehydration on kidney function and injury. Serum creatinine as an indicator of lean body mass in vegetarians and omnivores. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. We link primary sources - including studies, scientific references, and statistics - within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. Certain medicationsĪntibiotics, such as trimethoprim, and H2 blockers, such as cimetidine, can cause a temporary increase in measured serum creatinine levels.Ī 2020 retrospective study found that even low levels of trimethoprim can increase blood serum levels in patients following a kidney transplant. Both dehydration and muscle breakdown from exercise may cause an increase in blood creatinine levels. Intense exerciseĬreatinine is present in the muscles and helps them produce energy. However, long-term studies have shown that high protein diets do not significantly impact blood creatinine levels over a 2-year period. What a person eats can affect creatinine levels.įor example, proteins and cooked meat contain creatinine, so eating more than the recommended amount of meat or other proteins for a person’s activity levels can cause high creatinine levels after eating. Obstructions affecting both kidneys can raise a person’s blood creatinine levels. The medical term for this condition is hydronephrosis. This blockage can create a backup of urine into the kidney and impair the kidney’s ability to function correctly. Kidney obstructionĪ blockage in urine flow, such as an enlarged prostate or kidney stone, could cause kidney obstruction. A GFR level of 15 or less indicates kidney failure. ![]() ![]() When kidneys are damaged, they have trouble removing creatinine from the blood, and levels rise.ĭoctors use the creatinine blood test result to calculate glomerular filtration rate (GFR), a more specific measure to indicate chronic kidney disease.ĭoctors consider a GFR of 60 or over to be normal, while a GFR of less than 60 may indicate kidney disease. Some of the causes of high creatinine levels are: Chronic kidney disease
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